Analysis of Occupational Stress and Coping Strategies among Female Primary School Teachers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59219/jheds.04.01.65Keywords:
Occupation, Stress, Coping Strategies, Teachers, Primary School, Education, FemaleAbstract
Teaching is not a simple job; many elements increase the level of stress in teachers. Teachers use different stress-coping strategies to focus on teaching tasks. The study was conducted to analyze the occupational stress of female primary school teachers and their coping strategies. The objectives were to (i) investigate the stress level and major occupational stressors among female primary school teachers and (ii) explore coping strategies for female primary teachers' stresses. All the female primary school teachers serving in the 630 primary schools of Tehsil Sargodha were the population, out of which 50% (315) female primary schools were selected randomly, and one teacher from each school was conveniently selected. Two self-developed rating scales with reliability coefficient values of 0.85 and 0.79 were research instruments. The data analysis was carried out using percentages, frequency, t-tests, and ANOVA. Results revealed that all female primary school teachers were highly stressed and adopted coping strategies in order to encounter stress. The recommendation is that head teachers should support teachers in school affairs and involve them in decision-making.
References
Admiraal, W. F., Korthagen, F. A., & Wubbels, T. (2000). Effects of student teachers’ coping behaviour. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 70(1), 33–52. https://doi.org/10.1348/000709900157958
Areekkuzhiyil, S. (2014). Factors Influencing the Organizational Stress among Teachers Working in Higher Education Sector in Kerala: An Empirical Analysis. Journal Research and Pedagogic Interventions, 2(2). https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED548291.pdf
Bachkirova, T. (2005). Teacher stress and personal values. School Psychology International, 26(3), 340-352. https://doi.org/10.1177/0143034305055978
Chaudhari, A., & Dahad, M. (2022). work overload stress and its impact on health and professional efficiency of teachers in Jalgaon City. Journal of Fundamental & Comparative Research, 8(2), 131–141.
Cheema, A. B., Parveen, A., & Ahmad, M. (2022). Analysis of Occupational Stress of Primary School Teachers. Pakistan Social Sciences Review, 6(2), 157-169. http://doi.org/10.35484/pssr.2022(6-II)15
Cohen, S., & Wills, T. A. (1985). Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis. Psychological Bulletin, 98(2), 310-357. https://doi.org/10.1037//0033-2909.98.2.310
Garth, K. D. (2015). Preventing Teacher Attrition: Expert Teachers' Sources of Stress and Coping Strategies [Theses and Dissertations]. Mississippi State University. https://scholarsjunction.msstate.edu/td/3628
De Nobile, J. J. & McCormick, J. (2005). Job satisfaction and occupational stress in Catholic primary schools [Paper presentation]. Annual Conference of the Australian Association for Research in Education, Sydney. http://www.aare.edu.
Dollard, M. F., Winefield, A. H., & Winefield, H. R. (2003). Occupational stress in the service professions. London and New York, Taylor & Francis Group.
Grayson, J. L., & Alvarez, H. K. (2008). School climate factors relating to teacher burnout: A mediator model. Teaching and Teacher Education, 24(5), 1349–1363. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2007.06.005
Grimshaw, J. (2004). Employment and health: Psychological stress in the workplace. London: The British Library. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/845
Huang, S., Van Der Veen, R., & Song, Z. (2018). The impact of coping strategies on occupational stress and turnover intentions among hotel employees. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 27(8), 926–945. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2018.1471434
Iroegbu, E. E., & Etudor-Eyo, E. (2018). Teacher’s Participation in Quality Assurance in Private and Public Secondary Schools in Uyo Local Education Committee, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria: Administrators’ Perspective. International Journal of Managerial Studies and Research (IJMSR) Volume 6 (2). http://dx.doi.org/10.20431/2349-0349.0602001
Jackson, A. D. (2004). A survey of the occupational stress, psychological strain, and coping resources of licensed professional counselors in Virginia: A replication study [PhD dissertation]. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30206
Karina, W. W., Lucyna, S. P., Agata, Z. (2015). Stress in the teaching profession. Journal of Education, Health and Sport, 5(6), 191-210. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18491
Kyriacou, C. (2001). Teacher stress: Directions for future research. Educational Review, 53(1), 27–35. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131910124115
Kyriacou, C. (2001). Teacher stress: Directions for future research. Educational Review, 53(1), 27–35. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131910124115
Kyrou, I., & Tsigos, C. (2009). Stress hormones: physiological stress and regulation of metabolism. Current Opinion in Pharmacology, 9(6), 787–793. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coph.2009.08.007
Leung, S. S., Mak, Y. W., Chui, Y. Y., Chiang, V. C., & Lee, A. C. (2009b). Occupational stress, mental health status and stress management behaviors among secondary school teachers in Hong Kong. Health Education Journal, 68(4), 328–343. https://doi.org/10.1177/0017896909349255
McGarth, J. E. (1987). Stress and Behavior in Organizations. In M. D. Dunnette (Ed.), Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology (pp. 1351–1395). Chicago, IL: Rand McNally.
Panigrahi, A. (2016). Managing stress at the workplace. Journal of Management Research and Analysis, 63(4), 154-160. https://doi.org/10.18231/2394-2770.2016.0001
Sharma, N., & Singh, P. G. (2023). Factors Influencing Job Stress Among the University Faculty: A Study of Punjab, Educational Administration: Theory and Practice, 29(4) 1257 – 1264. https://doi.org/10.53555/kuey.v29i4.6297
Skaalvik, E. M., & Skaalvik, S. (2016). Teacher stress and Teacher Self-Efficacy as predictors of engagement, emotional exhaustion, and motivation to leave the teaching profession. Creative Education, 07(13), 1785–1799. https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2016.713182
Wong, K., Chan, A. H. S., & Ngan, S. C. (2019). The Effect of Long Working Hours and Overtime on Occupational Health: A Meta-Analysis of Evidence from 1998 to 2018. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health/International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(12), 2102. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16122102
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Higher Education and Development Studies (JHEDS)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
